Story of Hasan ibn Ali (Part 3)

Family life

It is said that Hasan burned through the greater part of his childhood in "making and undoing relationships", so that "these simple ethics acquired him the title "the divorcer" (miṭlāq) which included Ali in genuine enmities."[118] According to Madelung "stories and tales developed this topic and have prompted crazy ideas that he had 70 or 90 spouses in the course of his life", alongside a collection of mistresses of 300 concubines.[119] Matthew puncture accepts that these allegations was proposed by later Sunni journalists, despite the fact that they couldn't name more than sixteen names.[120] Most of portrayals of this kind are described by al-Mada'ini which Madelung trusts as a rule are unclear, ailing in names, and discernible subtleties. They appear to be "turned out of the standing of Hasan as a miṭlāq, presently deciphered as an ongoing and monstrous divorcer, some plainly with a disparaging intent".[121] The number ninety, first spread by Muhammad al-Kalbi and was gotten by al-Mada'ini, notwithstanding, as per Madelung, al-Mada'ini couldn't name a solitary name more than the eleven he referenced, five of which should be considered as "unsure or exceptionally doubtful".[122] Veccia Vaglieri composes that these relationships doesn't appears to have excited much censure.[123] According to Madelung, portrayals that quote Ali as notice Kufans not to give their little girl in marriag to Hasan "merit no credit".[124] Living in his dad's family, Madelung states, "Ḥasan was in no situation to go into any relationships not orchestrated or supported by him".[125] He accepts that the majority of Hasan's relationships had a political aim for his dad, since he gave his epithet, "Abu Muhammad", to his first child from his first spouse (Ḵawla bint Manẓur) he openly picked after Ali's demise, and needed to make him his essential beneficiary, nonetheless, when Muhammad kicked the bucket, he picked Kawla's subsequent child, Ḥasan, for this purpose.[126]

Wives and children

The quantity of Hasan's spouses and youngsters are referenced in an unexpected way: According to ibn Saa'd, whose account, as per Madelung, is the most dependable, Hasan had 15 children and 9 girls from six wives and three named concubines;[127] Medelung portrays the verifiable request of Hasan's relationships as follows, agreeing which Hasan's union with six ladies is provable: Ja'da bint al-Ash'at, Umm Bashir, Khawla bint Manzur ibn Zabban, Hafsa bint Abd al-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr, Umm Ishaq bint Talhah and Hind bint Suhayl ibn Amr.[128] His first marriage was to Ja'da bint al-Ash'at, which happened before long Ali's appearance to Kufa. Ja'da was the little girl of the Kindah boss, al-Ash'ath ibn Qays. As per Madelung, by this marriage, Ali needed to build up attaches with the incredible Yemeni ancestral alliance in Kufa. Hasan had no kid from this spouse. Ja'da is regularly blamed for harming Hasan.[129] Umm Bashir was Hasan's subsequent spouse. She was the little girl of Abu Mas'ud Uqba ibn Amr, who was among the individuals who juxtaposed Kufan's rebel against Uthman. As per Madelung, Ali was wanting to attract him to his side by this marriage.[i][130] After Hasan resigned and got comfortable Medina, he wedded Khawla bint Manzur ibn Zabban, little girl of the Fazara boss Manzur ibn Zabban. Already she had been hitched to Muhammad ibn Talha, who was killed in the Battle of Camel, and had two children and a little girl from him. Hasan gave up her to her dad who fought that "he was not somebody to be disregarded concerning his daughter".[j] She bore Hasan, his child Hasan.[131] Hafsa bint Abd al-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr, the girl of Abd al-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr, was one more spouse of Hasan, who wedded her in Medina. Al-Mundhir ibn al-Zubayr was enamored with her and spread bogus bits of hearsay with regards to her, which made Hasan separate from her. Subsequently, Hasan in this setting is portrayed as mitlaq, which means the person who is "prepared to separate on meager grounds."[k][132] Umm Ishaq bint Talhah, the little girl of Talhah, was likewise among Hasan's spouses. She was depicted as very excellent however of awful person. Mu'awiya proposed her union with his child, Yazid, when he met her sibling, Ishaq ibn Talha, in Damascus, anyway Ishaq, getting back to Madina, offered her to Hasan, which made Mu'wiyah to surrender her. Hasan had a child from her, to be specific Talha, who kicked the bucket childless.[l][133] Hind bint Suhayl ibn Amr, the little girl of Suhayl ibn Amr, was one more spouse of Hasan. She had been hitched to al-Rahman ibn Attab, who was killed in the Battle of Camel, then, at that point wedded to Abd Allah ibn Amir, who separated from her. Accordingly Hasan was her third husband.[m] Hasan had no kid with Hind.[134] 

Hasan's different youngsters, as per Madelung, are presumably from courtesans: Amr ibn Hasan (wedded and had three kids); al-Qasim and Abu Bakr (both childless and killed in the Battle of Karbala); Abd al-Rahman (childless); al-Husayn; and Abd Allah who may be equivalent to Abu Bakr. Late sources add three different names: Isma'il, Hamza and Ya'qub, none of whom have had kids. Hasan's little girls from slave ladies were: Umm 'Abd Allah who wedded Zayn al-Abidin and Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth Shai Imam, was brought into the world from her;[135] Fatima (not known to have hitched); Umm Salama (childless); and Ruqayya (not known to have married).[136]

Appearance and morality

Hasan is portrayed as a firmly looked like personage his granddad, Muhammad. He is in some cases portrayed as great speaker, albeit, as per Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, he had a deformity in his discourse, acquired from one of his uncles. He is additionally portrayed as holding back (halim), liberal and devout (made numerous journeys on foot).[137] Hasan named two of his children, Muhammad, after his granddad, which, as indicated by Madelung, shows that he designed his mental self view after Muhammad, rather Ali.[138] According to Vaglieri, "love of harmony, abhorrence for governmental issues and its discords, the longing to keep away from broad gore", could be acknowledged as inspirations for Hasan's resignation, anyway he has been censured by a portion of his supporters who trusted Hasan have embarrassed Muslims by surrendering to Mu'awiya. As per Vaglieri, the hadith: This my child is a ruler through whom God will one day rejoin two incredible groups of Muslims, which is described from Muhammad, in like manner could be suspected to legitimize Hasan's absence of obstruction as a merit.[139] 

As per Momen, among Shia Imams, nobody has been condemned by western students of history as enthusiastically as Hasan. He has been blamed for being "uxorious, unintelligent, unable and admirer of extravagance"; likewise for surrendering to Mu'awiay without fight.[140] According to Madelung, Hasan's status to separate, which achieved the title "the divorcer" as far as he might be concerned, can't be seen as an "exorbitant craving for sexual redirection". Madelung makes a few guides to show that Hasan seems to be "blessed with both a worry for noble respectability and a feeling of refraining mollification, a significant part of the hilm [forbearance] of the genuine sayyid."[141] For moment, Hasan separated from Hafsa, the great girl of Abu Bakr, when she was blamed by al-Mundhir [n] out for a feeling of "legitimacy", despite the fact that he actually adored her. However, when al-Mundhir wedded her and it became uncovered that the allegations were bogus, Hasan visited the couple, yet immediately excused al-Mundhir, as he perceived that his adversary had lied out of his affection for Hafsa. Hasan showed his persistent friendship for Hafsa by visiting her in an appropriate organization of her nephew.[142] 

Having returning Khawla bint Manzur to her father[o], while her dad had no directly over her (since she had different relationships already); his status to separate from Hind bint Suhayl when he saw indications of a reestablished love in her past spouse; exhorting his more youthful sibling, Husayn, to wed Umm Ishaq bint Talhah after he passed on; are additionally considered as the signs Hasan's friendship for others paying little heed to their mistreatment.[143] Madelung accepts that he managed his wives, likewise with others, similar to a "honorable and abstaining (ḥalim) Arab sayyed."[144] When he was harmed, he would not uncover the suspect to his sibling, Husayn.[145]

Beliefs

The refrain of Mubahala was uncovered before the occasion of Mubahalah, as per which Qur'an educated (See: [1]) Muhammad to take part in Mubahalah (shared reviling) with the Christians who didn't acknowledge Islamic doctorin (concerning Jesus)[146] by "alluding the make a difference to God and calling down God's revile on whomever was the liar." The challenge was set for the following day, when individuals were observer Muhammad came out with just Ali, Faitmah, Hasan and Husayn, who remained under his shroud, after which Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husayn became popular as the Family of the Cloak.[147] Thus the title, the Family of the Cloak, is connected once in a while to the Event of Mubahala.[p].[148] 

The Christians asked him for what good reason he had not brought the head of his religion; so he answered he was told by God to do so.[149] The stanza "God wishes just to eliminate spoil from you, individuals of the Household, and to make you absolutely unadulterated." is additionally ascribed to this event.[q] The setting in which the Verse of Purification uncovered, as indicated by Shia exegetes, alludes just to Ali, Fatima and their relatives, who are likewise alluded to as the People of the Household.[150]


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